AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, AQUACULTURE, HANDICRAFTS
Responsible agriculture
This sector relies on one of the largest components of New Caledonia's capital: land. As the third largest island in the insular Pacific, New Caledonia has a land exploitation heritage of several tens of thousands of hectares that is not fully developed to date, since only 13% of the surface area is exploited.
The Territory has a privileged health status for the production of fruit and vegetables and for off-season production for certain markets, a notorious asset for export (e.g. limes, courgettes, squash).
Respectful breeding
In terms of livestock farming, the area is known for the sanitary quality of its livestock but also for its technology and engineering. All these assets give it multiple opportunities and thus allow it to consider exports in animal genetics and reproduction techniques.
New Caledonia benefits from undeniable assets: a lagoon recognised as the longest in the world by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, only 13% of the land surface is exploited, and livestock of exceptional sanitary quality. All these assets provide it with multiple opportunities and thus make it possible to envisage exports in animal genetics, reproduction techniques and food processing.
Aquaculture
It has been developing in New Caledonia for about thirty years and counts blue shrimp, tuna and sea cucumber among the flagship resources of the Territory of New Caledonia. It is developing rational and sustainable fishing (tuna, trocas, ornamental fish), as well as expertise in aquaculture through the export of shrimp and sea cucumbers. This sector is in the process of diversifying into fish farming (loche-truite, pouatte, picot rayé) with the help of the Technopôle-Adecal.
Handicrafts, initially inspired by the Kanak culture, are borrowed from the many skills of the area.
BLUE ECONOMY
Blue Growth
It is an undeniable growth lever recognized worldwide. The maritime zone is extensive here (approximately 1,500,000 km2) and its wealth allows it to offer a diversified range of economic activities linked to the sea.
New Caledonia possesses exceptional biodiversity and geo-diversity, still largely preserved through the creation of the Coral Sea Natural Park and 15,000 km2 of World Heritage listed reefs and lagoons. In an undeniable geostrategic position between Australasia and the Great Pacific, it is also a place of business, skills, know-how and challenges.
Through research, innovation and ambition, the Territory seeks to develop new sustainable sectors that are original and applicable to the territories and island countries with large marine areas, which are primarily those of the South Pacific, the region to which it belongs, through research, innovation and ambition.
ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
This sector is fundamentally concerned with the relationship between the environment and societies, and in particular with the environmental vulnerability of societies, towards which it develops principles and strategies. Its scope can cover both the source and resource environment, in industrialized and non-industrialized societies, as well as more specific themes such as climate change and biodiversity or territorial ecology.
INDUSTRY
The industrial fabric (excluding nickel) is mainly made up of mature food-processing companies and standard-setting companies, producing quality products that can be manufactured under French, European and international licences. This sector has developed a real know-how that is already being exported (chocolate, ready meals, ice cream, beer, etc.).
New Caledonian industry is also present in the fields of construction, equipment, textiles, maintenance and hygiene, cosmetics, shipbuilding, etc. Some of this production is already exported (solar water heaters, textiles, tap dance, PVC panelling, cleaning products, cosmetics, etc.).
Primary production is also processed and exported (drèche, sandalwood or niaouli oil and essence, liquors, cosmetic products, honey, vanilla, coffee, etc.).
CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
Like any high-growth, capital-intensive country, New Caledonia has developed significant capacities (in relation to its size) in the field of downloading_4.jpgconstruction. Beyond factories and infrastructures, housing construction remains a locomotive for the territory's development. Construction and public works accounts for 12% of GDP.
New Caledonia also has a real activity of production of construction materials or aggregates, including from natural resources (slag) which can be valorised internationally.
The country has construction-related service companies with expertise that enables them to take an interest in export markets.
ENGINEERING, CONSULTING, TRAINING
Services, consulting and engineering
The country has service companies that have expertise that allows them to focus on export markets. The increased activity in some countries, such as New Zealand and Australia, offers opportunities for New Caledonian companies.
New Caledonian companies are generally enterprising and innovative, particularly in areas such as digital and satellite imaging services, processing, supply and irrigation, environmental engineering, professional and public hygiene and sanitation, IT, audiovisual production, health, education and training services, etc.
DIGITAL
New Caledonia's digital sector has around 190 players in the fields of telecoms, computer equipment, consumer electronics, application development (software, websites, etc.) and service provision. A definite potential in terms of jobs and economic growth confirms the development of the digital sector.
Major investments are currently being made, particularly in the country's telecommunications infrastructure and networks (fibre optic programmes for fixed Internet and 4G for mobile Internet of the Office des Postes et Télécommunications de Nouvelle-Calédonie).
The digital sector in figures (2015)
- 191 active companies, more than 80% of which are located in Noumea in the South Province.
- 1,965 jobs, or 2.4% of paid employment (equivalent to agriculture and fishing)
- Approximately 59 billion in pre-tax revenues
- The telecoms sector accounts for 58% of turnover and 55% of employment.
TRANSPORT
As for maritime transport, it is mainly used for the transport of goods. To this end, New Caledonia has six host ports as maritime infrastructures.
International air transport offers 110 destinations from Nouméa and domestic transport serves the domestic routes and all the islands of the archipelago.
The Néobus project, a high-service bus designed to radically change the way travel is organised in Greater Noumea, will provide regular local services between the city centre and the main centres of the urban area in 2019.
TOURISM
Tourism: since 2015, New Caledonia has begun to see a real increase in tourism, with +6.3% visitor numbers. The businesses directly concerned represent 2.3% of the New Caledonian business population and 7% of the salaried workforce. Tourist numbers are increasing significantly, thanks in particular to destination contracts. The presence of cruise ships is increasing, thus promoting tourism development opportunities (hotel infrastructures, port facilities, etc.).
In 2016, the historic milestone of ½ million passengers has been passed, with 48% more passengers from 2001 to 2016 (CCI figures).
According to ISEE data, nearly 11,700 tourists landed at Tontouta in September 2017, an increase of 4.5% over September 2016 and 16.8% over September 2015. The French (8.6%) and Japanese (19.2%) clienteles performed well. After three quarters, the number of visitors in 2017 rose by 3.7% in 2016 and by 4.9% in 2015. All markets are up except Europe (-1.5%) and the USA-Canada (-32.5%).
In 2017, there are 120,699 tourists, a jump of 4.3% over 2016, and tourism receipts of 26.6 billion, an increase of more than 4%. Coming from metropolitan France at 31.4%, they are followed by Australians (19.6%), Japanese (18.1%) and New Zealanders (8.5%), mostly for leisure-oriented travel. Cruise passengers also constitute a clientele that has been steadily increasing since 2013 in New Caledonia.